刚性万向节分类
Classification of Rigid Universal Joints
刚性万向节
Rigid universal joint
万向节在扭转方向上无明显弹性的万向节。可分为不等速万向节、准等速万向节、等速万向节。
The universal joint has no obvious elasticity in the direction of torsion. It can be divided into unequal speed universal joint, quasi-constant speed universal joint and constant speed universal joint.
①不等速万向节。万向节连接的两轴夹角大于零时，输出轴和输入轴之间以变化的瞬时角速度比传递运动，但平均角速度相等的万向节。
(1) Unequal speed universal joint. When the angle between the two axes of the universal joint is greater than zero, the motion between the output axle and the input axle is transmitted by changing instantaneous angular velocity ratio, but the average angular velocity of the universal joint is equal.
十字轴式刚性万向节由万向节叉、十字轴、滚针轴承、油封、套简、轴承盖等件组成。工作原理为：转动叉中之一则经过十字轴带动另一个叉转动，同时又可以绕十字轴中心在任意方向摆动。转动过程中滚针轴承中的滚针可自转，以便减轻摩擦。与输入动力连接的轴称输入轴（又称主动轴），经万向节输出的轴称输出轴（又称从动轴）。在输入、输出轴之间有夹角的条件下工作，两轴的角速度不等，并因此会导致输出轴及与之相连的传动部件产生扭转振动和影响这些部件的寿命。
The cruciform rigid universal joint is composed of universal joint fork, cross shaft, needle roller bearing, oil seal, sleeve and bearing cover. The working principle is that one of the rotating forks rotates through the cross axis to drive another fork, and at the same time it can swing around the center of the cross axis in any direction. In order to reduce friction, the needle in needle roller bearing can rotate itself during rotation. The shaft connected with the input power is called the input shaft (also known as the active shaft), and the shaft output through the universal joint is called the output shaft (also known as the driven shaft). When the input and output shafts are angled, the angular velocities of the two shafts are different, which will cause torsional vibration of the output shafts and the transmission components connected with them and affect the service life of these components.