万向节轴承定义

Definition of universal joint bearing

所谓万向节轴承，指的是利用球型连接实现不同轴的动力传送的机械结构，是汽车上轴承一个很重要的部件。而前置发动机前轮驱动的车辆省略了传动轴，万向节安装在既负责驱动又负责转向的前桥半轴与车轮之间。在前置发动机后轮驱动的车辆上，万向节传动装置安装在变速器输出轴与驱动桥主减速器输入轴之间。万向节与传动轴组合，称为万向节传动装置。

The so-called universal joint bearing refers to the mechanical structure that realizes the power transmission of different axes by ball connection, and it is a very important part of automobile upper bearing. The front wheel drive motor vehicle omits the transmission shaft, and the universal joint is installed between the front axle and the axle of the front axle which is responsible for driving and steering. On the rear wheel drive vehicle of the front engine, the universal joint transmission device is installed between the transmission output shaft and the input shaft of the drive axle main reducer. The combination of universal joint and transmission shaft is called universal joint transmission device.

万向节到底是怎么完成变角度动力传输的？

How does the universal joint accomplish variable angle power transmission?

万向节与传动轴组合，称为万向节传动装置。 在前置发动机后轮驱动的车辆上，万向节传动装置安装在变速器输出轴与驱动桥主减速器输入轴之间；

The combination of universal joint and transmission shaft is called universal joint transmission device. On the rear wheel drive vehicle of the front engine, the universal joint transmission device is installed between the transmission output shaft and the input shaft of the drive axle main reducer.

而前置发动机前轮驱动的车辆省略了传动轴，万向节安装在既负责驱动又负责转向的前桥半轴与车轮之间。

The front wheel drive motor vehicle omits the transmission shaft, and the universal joint is installed between the front axle and the axle of the front axle which is responsible for driving and steering.

为方便理解，以最常用的十字万向节为例，通过一段精彩的动画展示，清楚说明万向节的工作原理  ↓↓

To facilitate understanding, take the most commonly used cross universal joint as an example, through a wonderful animation display, clearly explain the working principle of the universal joint.

万向传动装置的组成

The composition of universal transmission

万向节的结构和作用有点像人体四肢上的关节，它允许被连接的零件之间的夹角在一定范围内变化

The structure and function of the universal joint are similar to the joints on the human limbs. It allows the angle between the connected parts to change within a certain range.

万向节有两大分类，根据在扭转方向上是否有明显弹性分为刚性万向节和挠万向节

There are two classifications of universal joints. According to whether there is obvious elasticity in the direction of torsion, they can be divided into rigid universal joints and flexible universal joints.

万向节轴承的分类

The classification of the bearing of the universal joint

准等速万向节和等速万向推力球轴承节

Quasi constant speed universal joint and constant speed universal thrust ball bearing section.

常见的准等速万向节有双联式和三销轴式两种，它们的工作原理与双十字轴式万向节实现等速传动的原理是一样的。双联式万向节实际上是一套将传动轴长度减缩至最小的双十轴承字轴式万向节等速传动装置，双联叉相当于传动轴及两端处在同一平面上的万向节叉。在当输出轴与输型号查询入轴的交角较小时，能使两轴角速度接近相等，处在圆弧上的两轴轴线交点离上述中垂线很近，使得α调心滚子轴承1与α2的差很小，所以称双联式万向节为准等速万向节。

The common quasi constant speed universal joints have double and three pin axis two, and their working principle is the same as the principle of the double cross shaft universal joint for equal speed transmission. The double joint universal joint is actually a set of double - bearing type - shaft type universal joint drive unit, which reduces the length of the drive shaft to the minimum. The double fork is equivalent to the drive shaft and the universal joint at both ends in the same plane. When the intersection angle between the output axis and the input model is smaller, the angular velocity of the two axis angle is equal to the same, and the intersection point of the two axis axis on the arc is very close to the above vertical line, making the difference between the 1 and the alpha 2 of the alpha adjustable roller bearing very small, so the double joint universal joint is called the quasi constant universal joint.

等速万向节

Constant velocity universal joint

缺点：压力装配，钢球与曲面凹槽单位压力大，拆装不方便，磨损快。只有两个钢球传力，反转时，另两个钢球传力。

Disadvantages: pressure assembly, steel ball and curved groove, large unit pressure, disassembly and assembly is not convenient, fast wear. Only two steel balls transmit force, while the other two balls transfer force.

球笼式万向节的结构。六个钢球6分别装在由六组内外滚道所对出的空间里，并被保持架4限定在同一个平面内。动力由直线运动轴承主动轴1(及星形套.经钢球6传到球形壳8输出。星形套以内花键与主动轴相连，其外表面有六直线轴承条弧形凹槽，形成内滚道。球形壳8的内表面有相应的六条弧形凹槽，形成外滚道。基本特种轴承原理.从结构上保证万向节在工作过程中，其传力点永远位于两轴交点的平面上。球叉式推力滚子轴承万向节.球笼式万向节优点.结构简单，允许最大交角32&。~33&。

The structure of Rzeppa universal joint. The six steel balls 6 are installed in the space out of the six sets of inner and outer raceway, and are kept in the same plane by the cage 4. The power is made up of a linear motion bearing, a driving shaft 1 and a star sleeve. It passes through the steel ball 6 to the spherical shell 8. The inner spline of star sleeve is connected with the driving shaft, and the outer surface has six straight line bearing strip arc grooves, forming inner raceway. The inner surface of the spherical shell 8 has six corresponding arc grooves, forming the outer raceway. The principle of the basic special bearing is to ensure that the transmission point of the universal joint is always located on the plane of the intersection of two axes in the process of operation. The ball type universal joint fork thrust roller bearings. Rzeppaconstantvelocity joint. The advantages of simple structure, the maximum permissible angle 32&. ~33&.

球笼式万向节

Rzeppa universal joint

优点：两轴最大交角为42&am类型。，工作时无论传动方向，六个钢球全部传力。与球叉式万向节相比，结构紧凑，承载能力强，拆装方便。

Two advantages: maximum angle of type 42&am. At work, no matter what the transmission direction is, the six steel balls all transmit force. Compared with the ball fork universal joint, it has compact structure, strong load capacity and convenient disassembly and assembly.

球叉式万向节

Ball fork cardan joint

内外滚道采用圆桶形，滑动阻力小，省转盘轴承去传动装置中的滑动花键，则变成伸缩型球笼式万向节，适用断开式驱动桥。目前轿车上轴承常用的等速万向节为球笼式万向节，也有采用球叉式万向节或自由三枢轴万向节的。

The inner and outer raceways are barrel shaped, the sliding resistance is small, and the sliding spline in the drive device of the rotating disc bearing will be transformed into a telescopic type cage type universal joint, and a broken drive bridge is applied. At present, the constant speed universal joint commonly used for car upper bearings is the ball cage type universal joint, and also adopts the ball fork universal joint or the free three pivot universal joint.

三销轴式万向轴承节

Three pin shaft type universal bearing joint

优点：允许相邻两轴有较大的交角，最大达45&。，在转向驱动

There are two advantages: allowing the adjacent large angle, the maximum 45&. In the steering drive